Cook pasta in a large pot of boiling salted water drain, reserving 3 Tbsp. of the pasta liquid.
Heat 1 cup of oil
Cook anchovies, garlic, red pepper flakes, and a pinch of salt in a large skillet over medium-low heat, stirring occasionally, until anchovies dissolve and garlic is tender, 6–7 minutes
Stir in parsley, then remove from heat.
While anchovy sauce is cooking, heat remaining 3 Tbsp. oil in a skillet over medium heat
Add panko and cook, stirring often, until golden, about 5 minutes.
Season with salt and pepper, then transfer to paper towels to cool.
Add al dente pasta to Anchovy Sauce and stir to coat.
Stir in reserved pasta cooking liquid, then half of the panko mixture.
Cook over medium, stirring constantly, until heated through, 1–2 minutes; season with salt and pepper.
Serve topped with Parmesan, fresh basil and remaining panko mixture.